Cowpeas can be cooked or either steamed after soaking in water overnight. Cowpea, popularly known as blackeye pea, is an important grain legume in South Africa and many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. 7. Ethiopia, Central, Southern and West Africa have all been considered probable centres of domestication. 3. Production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in South Africa is limited Local farmers who cut and store cowpea fodder during the dry season can make as much as 25% of their annual income by selling it as fodder. Production of legumes under dryland conditions in South Africa Although local soybean, dry bean, groundnut and cowpea are widely adapted, they show preferences to specific soil and climatic conditions and will do better on deep and well-drained soils. therefore has a beneficial effect on the follow-up crop. The green seeds are sometimes roasted like peanuts and these are then used as a substitute for coffee. In Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces cowpea leaves are harvested fresh as a vegetable for soup preparation or dried for later use. This is consistent with findings of other authors elsewhere in Africa. Cowpea plays an important role in the traditional diets in many regions of the world, especially Asia, Africa, and South America, which include most of the world's developing countries. Cowpeas are cultivated predominantly in Africa and are grown for food, fodder and green manure.Cowpea production has expanded in the world over the past decades ().In 2017, over 87% of the crop was produced in Africa ().In South America, Brazil showed a recent increase in cowpea cultivation, placing the country in third place in terms of global area and production. The primary production area is located between 300 and 1000 mm yr –1 isohyet, … It is estimated that the annual world cowpea crop is about 12,5 million ha of which the total grain production (for food) is 3 million tons. seeds and processed foods from cowpea provides both urban and rural Nigeria is the largest producer and consumer of cowpea with about 5 million ha and over 2 million t production during 2003. (2000) and Kyamanywa (1996) all reported that thrips are one of the yield limiting pests to cowpea production. opportunities for earning regular income. Cowpea production in South Africa is fairly minor when compared to other African countries (FAOSTAT 2004). Its production has spread to East and Central Africa, India, Asia, South and Central America. Cowpea is attacked by various Insect pests, during different phases of its lifecycle even down to storage. the region. Cowpeas Infor-mation on cropping systems, cultural practices, con-straints to production, utilization and benefits would help to formulate breeding objectives and make decisions for the improvement of cowpea… The … In East Africa, cultivated cowpeas are a source of vegetables and grains for human consumption. Cowpeas can produce good yields of high-quality dry matter. Cowpea silage is made by using cowpea leaves mixed with the green leaves of maize or sorghum and then compacting the green matter, covering it with plastic and weighing it down to make it airtight. The TSC decided that project It looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled. Singh, a visiting scholar and cowpea breeder with the Texas A&M soil and crop sciences department in College Station. It originated and was domesticated in Southern Africa and was later moved to East and West Africa and Asia. It is the most planted native legume in sub-Saharan Africa … The use of resistant cultivars is among the best management option for this pest, but the success of this strategy is influenced by the stability of the resistant genotype to the cowpea aphid biotypes present in the major cowpea growing areas in a country. is a protein-rich bean crop that leaves nitrogen in the soil and Depending on the variety used, cowpeas may be climbing and erect (such as Dr Saunders) or creeping (such as Bechuana White). Nigeria is the world’s leading cowpea producing country, followed by Brazil. The grain provides valuable protein and the leaves are used as a nutritious vegetable. It is important because it serves as a source of nutrients for human and as fodder for animals and its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen enhances soil fertility. 200 million people in Africa consume cowpea. For example, Amatobi (1994), Karungi at al. It is a subsistence crop, often intercropped with sorghum, maize and pearl millet. Cowpea is grown in millions of smallholder farms in the drier zones of Africa, forming a great arc stretching from Senegal to Sudan and Somalia and southward to Zimbabwe, Botswana and Mozambique. Cowpea also has different seed coat colors such as black, red, and cream. Cowpeas are also known as swartbekboontjie (Afrikaans), dinawe (Ndebele), dinaba (Shangaan), imbumba (Zulu), monawa or nawa (Pedi) and dinawa (Tswana). Ground dried seeds mixed with onions and spices can be fried in oil. Recent studies have provided further evidence that West Africa was the primary centre of domestication. Fresh, immature pods may be boiled as a vegetable. However, farmers in South Africa currently lack good seed for planting and experience very low cowpea grain yields. Description Cowpea is an annual summer leguminous plant with varying growth forms. Cowpeas are also planted as animal feed - such as hay production and to make silage. Cowpea is a major food legume and a source of dietary protein for masses in Africa, Asia and South America, according to Dr. B.B. Please turn on JavaScript and try again. Made in South Africa Cowpeas Directory - Offering Wholesale South African Cowpeas from South Africa Cowpeas Manufacturers, Suppliers and Distributors at TradeKey.com Made in South Africa Cowpea Directory - Offering Wholesale South African Cowpea from South Africa Cowpea Manufacturers, Suppliers and Distributors at TradeKey.com The majority of the seed planted by farmers is sourced from on … The climbing type is better suited for forage or as cover crop. Common names: Arikaans: akkerboon, swartbekboon, boontjie, koertjie, dopboontjie; English: cowpea, bachapin bean, black-eye bean or pea, catjang, china pea, cowgram, southern pea; Sepedi: dinawa (plural), monawa, nawa; Shangaan: dinaba, munaoa, tinyawa; Setswana: dinawa, nawa-ea-setswana; Tshivenda: munawa (plant), nawa (fruit); isiZulu: imbumba, indumba, isihlumaya. With the ability to farm, African people began to develop booming societies. Its production What worries some critics is that all of Africa’s genetic modification projects are closely tied to Western organizations. The trading of The ground dried seeds is often mixed with onions and spices and fried in oil. It originated and was domesticated in Southern Africa and was later moved to East and West Africa and Asia. The cowpea project will work against three time horizons: short (1–3 years), medium (4–7 years) and long–term (7–10 years). It is then cooked with other vegetables to make a thick soup, or ground into a meal or paste. All Rights Reserved. About one kilogram cowpeas is a full meal. Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) is indigenous to Africa and is planted for human consumption and animal fodder. Small-scale farmers grow cowpea intercropped with maize, millet, sorghum, sugar cane and cotton. The objective of this study was to evaluate cowpea collections using agronomic traits to select promising parents to develop breeding population. Cowpea, popularly known as blackeye pea, is an important grain legume in South Africa and many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. Most cowpeas are grown on the African continent, particularly in Nigeria and Niger, which account for 66% of world cowpea production. is indigenous to Africa. Estimating world cowpea production is rather difficult, as it is usually grown in a mixture with other crops, but accor… Information on genetic variability among the existing cowpea genotypes will increase the efficiency of the cowpea improvement. FAO (FAO Code: 0195 - Cow peas, dry) Production. West and Central Africa are the leading cowpea producing regions in the world producing 64% of the estimated 3 million tons of cowpea seed. Similar findings were reported by Kimiti et al. the aboveground plant parts of cowpea, except the pods, are utilized for animal fodder. The cowpeas that have been utilized across the region include both the landraces and improved varieties (Mamiro, 2011). The leaves and growth points can be picked and used as a vegetable dish. The aim of this study was to evaluate 97 newly introduced cowpea germplasm for adaptation and yield parameters. It is a protein-rich bean crop which leaves nitrogen in the soil so it benefits the follow-up crop. South Africa Online (Pty) Ltd. SouthAfrica.co.za. Others believe that it originated from Southern Africa. In Australia and Asia cowpeas are primarily planted for fodder but also as a cover crop or as green manure to enrich the soil with nitrogen and nitrogen-fixing microbes. Cowpea is one of the key food sources in the arid, semi-arid and tropical parts of Asia, Oceania, southern Europe, Africa, southern United States and Central and South America . Silage is preserved animals feeds, ideal for use during droughts. cowpea, except the pods, are utilized for animal fodder. Cowpea. The aboveground plant parts of cowpea, except the pods, are utilised as animal fodder. Exact figures for cowpea production are hard to come up with as it is not a major export crop. Millions of african farmers grow cowpea, some two hundred million africans consume cowpea, many, maybe a majority of these … PRODUCTION LEVELS South Africa A large producer of cowpeas is small-scale farmers under dryland farming condi-tions. (Shangaan), imbumba (Zulu), monawa or nawa (Pedi) and dinawa (Tswana).Cowpeas Under dryland conditions, yields of cowpea forage 2 to 3 ton of dry matter/ha, but yields of up to 8 t DM/ha that have been recorded in irrigated areas. Cowpea is a legume that is extensively grown throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Production. Cowpea seed set aside for sowing or planting Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), is a food and animal feed crop grown in the semi-arid tropics covering Africa, Asia, Europe, United States and Central and South America. The major cowpea producing countries in East Africa include Kenya, Tanzania, South Sudan, and Uganda (USAID, 2010). The best feeding value for animals can be obtained in stands where cowpeas were intercropped with maize. Aphids ( Aphis craccivora Koch) are an important vegetative stage pest of cowpea in Africa. Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is an important crop for smallholder farmers in the marginal areas of sub-Saharan Africa. This is a major constraint to Cowpea production especially in West Africa, because their damage can be as high as 80-100% if not well managed. The attributes of Cowpea The trading of seeds and processed foods from cowpea provides both urban and rural opportunities for earning regular income. Cultivated cowpea in South Sudan and Africa at large is a single species, but the varietal requirements in terms of plant type, seed type, maturity and usage are extremely diverse from region Its seeds, pods and leaves are commonly used as human food. Simply let us know what you are looking for and we will try our best to help you. Production Data. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Hunter-gatherers of the time saw potential in the humble pulse and turned their efforts to making the cowpea one of Africa’s first domesticated crops. The leaves and growth points can be picked and used as a vegetable dish similar to spinach, but it can also be dried and used as a protein substitute. In South Africa cowpeas are produced in the North West, Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga provinces. The leaves can be dried and used as a meat substitute. Cowpeas can be planted as an intercrop or in rotation and can tolerate drought. “Cowpea is a food and animal feed crop grown in the semi-arid tropics particularly the savannahs of West Africa but also other parts of Africa, Asia and the Americas. Unfortunately, we do not have Overview data related to Cowpea in South Africa at the moment, but we may be able to help you find the data that you need. Yearly. It may be erect, trailing, climbing or bushy, usually indeterminate under favourable conditions. 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