Global Rank: Position held by Papua New Guinea in the list of all countries worldwide ranked by population (from the highest population to the lowest population) as of July 1 of the year indicated. Fertility Rate: (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. However, the Queensland government's superiors in the United Kingdom revoked the claim, and (formally) assumed direct responsibility in 1884, when Germany claimed north-eastern New Guinea as the protectorate of German New Guinea (also called Kaiser-Wilhelmsland). [25] As of 2019, the Indonesian portion of New Guinea and the Maluku Islands is estimated to have 9,518 species of vascular plants, of which 4,380 are endemic. PNG’s population is estimated at 7.5 million and is one of the world’s most ethnically diverse countries, with over 850 indigenous languages. The Population of Papua New Guinea (1950 - 2019) chart plots the total population count as of July 1 of each year, from 1950 to 2019. In 1950, Papua New Guinea population was 1674036 and this continuously increasing at growth rate of average 0.02%.Currently Papua New Guinea population is around 7108239 and by year 2030 its expected to be 10486891 .Papua New Guinea ranks 102nd when compared to other countries population. In absolute numbers a total of 2,084,538 persons were added to the population during the last 11 years. Biogeographically, New Guinea is part of Australasia rather than the Indomalayan realm, although New Guinea's flora has many more affinities with Asia than its fauna, which is overwhelmingly Australian. The German, Dutch and British colonial administrators each attempted to suppress the still-widespread practices of inter-village warfare and headhunting within their respective territories.[42]. This is an animated population pyramid comparison of these two countries' total population by five year age bands from 1950 to 2100. As marked on the map by an upright yellow triangle, the highest point of Papua New Guinea is Mount Wilhelm – at an elevation of 14,793 ft (4,509 m). Papua New Guinea Population (1950 - 2020). Highest City Populations in Guinea. (2002). Current evidence indicates that the Papuans (who constitute the majority of the island's peoples) are descended from the earliest human inhabitants of New Guinea. lies … At the donor conference held with the Guinean Government and Guinea’s development partners in November 2017, a total commitment of $21 billion was made by the country’s partners and the private sector. Western agronomists still do not understand all of the practices, and it has been noted that native gardeners are as, or even more, successful than most scientific farmers in raising certain crops. The island has been known by various names: The name Papua was used to refer to parts of the island before contact with the West. Prior to the 1970s, archaeologists called the single Pleistocene landmass by the name Australasia,[12] although this word is most often used for a wider region that includes lands, such as New Zealand, which are not on the same continental shelf. Papua New Guinea is an Oceanian country that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia. The population of Papua New Guinea is expected to grow by 170,000 in 2021 and reach 9,097,000 in 2022. Botanically, New Guinea is considered part of Malesia, a floristic region that extends from the Malay Peninsula across Indonesia to New Guinea and the East Melanesian Islands. The Law established a Papuan People's Assembly (MRP) with representatives of the different indigenous cultures of Papua. [12] Then, at a 1975 conference and consequent publication,[13] they extended the name Sahul from its previous use for just the Sahul Shelf to cover the continent.[12]. Papua New Guinea Population Projections. The more extensive southern lowlands are drained by a larger number of rivers, principally the Digul in the west and the Fly in the east. [3] However, Westerners, beginning with Spanish explorer Yñigo Ortiz de Retez in 1545, used the name New Guinea, referring to the similarities of the features of the indigenous peoples to those of native Africans of the Guinea region of the continent. Human habitation of New Guinea over tens of thousands of years has led to a great deal of diversity, which was further increased by the later arrival of the Austronesians and the more recent history of European and Asian settlement through events like transmigration. The most startling discovery took place on 4 August 1938, when Richard Archbold discovered the Grand Valley of the Baliem River, which had 50,000 yet-undiscovered Stone Age farmers living in orderly villages. On 16 September 1975, Australia granted full independence to Papua New Guinea. Numerous smaller islands are located to the west and east. (includes boroughs, districts, urban agglomerations, etc.). By John Roach, for, Collingridge, George The discovery of Australia, Sidney, 1895, pp.186–187, Translation of Torres’ report to the king in Collingridge, G. (1895), Northern New Guinea lowland rain and freshwater swamp forests, Southern New Guinea freshwater swamp forests, United Nations Temporary Executive Authority, https://web.archive.org/web/20200209234437/https://www.tapol.org/our-work/west-papua, Kincaid and Kline, "Retreat of the Irian Jaya Glaciers from 2000 to 2002 as Measured from IKONOS Satellite Images", paper presented at 61st Eastern Snow Conference, Portland, Maine, 2004, "On the Physical Geography of the Malay Archipelago", "Big Bank Shoals of the Timor Sea: An environmental resource atlas", "Map from above shows Australia is a very flat place", "A Chat with Tim Flannery on Population Control", Anthropology Professor Glenn Summerhayes, University of Otago, New Zealand. When the Portuguese and Spanish explorers arrived in the island via the Spice Islands, they also referred to the island as Papua. Population. It is taken from the Biak language of Biak Island, and means "to rise", or "rising spirit". The population of Papua New Guinea was estimated at around 7,476,000 in 2014, and annual population growth to 2.1% (World Bank). In 1545, Spaniard Íñigo Ortíz de Retes sailed along the north coast of New Guinea as far as the Mamberamo River, near which he landed on 20 June, naming the island 'Nueva Guinea'. and has areas containing up to 200 people farming a square kilometer of land. For the horse, see, List of resources about traditional arts and culture of Oceania. As of 2020, the Western portion of New Guinea, Papua and West Papua, accounts for 54% of the island's primary forest and about 51% of the island's total tree cover, according to satellite data. In more recent millennia, another wave of people arrived on the shores of New Guinea. [38] During Tidore's rule, the main exports of the island during this period were resins, spices, slaves and the highly priced feathers of the bird-of-paradise. Ihre Unabhängigkeit erlangte die ehemalige französische Kolonie am 2. He commanded loyalty from both Moluccan and Papuan chiefs, especially those of Raja Ampat Islands. Ch. The largest island offshore, Dolak, lies near the Digul estuary, separated by a strait so narrow it has been named a "creek". For forecasted years, the U.N. medium-fertility variant is used. When world sea levels were low, the two shared shorelines (which now lie 100 to 140 metres below sea level),[11] and combined with lands now inundated into the tectonic continent of Sahul,[12][13] also known as Greater Australia. Papua-Neuguinea ([ˈpaːpua nɔygiˈneːa], Tok Pisin Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini) ist nach Indonesien und Madagaskar der flächenmäßig drittgrößte Inselstaat der Welt. The total population in Papua New Guinea was estimated at 8.4 million people in 2019, according to the latest census figures and projections from Trading Economics. With some 786,000 km2 of tropical land—less than one-half of one percent (0.5%) of the Earth's surface—New Guinea has an immense biodiversity, containing between 5 and 10 percent of the total species on the planet. 1906 - Control of British New Guinea transferred to the newly independent Commonwealth of Australia and renamed Territory of Papua. [14] The two landmasses became separated when the area now known as the Torres Strait flooded after the end of the last glacial period. Typical Southern Hemisphere flora include the conifers Podocarpus and the rainforest emergents Araucaria and Agathis, as well as tree ferns and several species of Eucalyptus. The eastern half of the island is the major land mass of the independent state of Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea population density. These were the Austronesian people, who had spread down from Taiwan, through the South-east Asian archipelago, colonising many of the islands on the way. Ploeg reports that the word papua is often said to be derived from the Malay word papua or pua-pua, meaning "frizzly-haired", referring to the highly curly hair of the inhabitants of these areas. The Simbu Province in the New Guinea highlands averages 20 persons per square kilometer (60 per sq. It is calculated as the average number of children an average woman will have during her reproductive period (15 to 49 years old) based on the current fertility rates of every age group in the country, and assuming she is not subject to mortality. [36][37] The sultans of Tidore, in Maluku Islands, claimed sovereignty over various coastal parts of the island. Life expectancy at birth is about 60 years for men and 64 years for women. Approximately 216,000 Japanese, Australian and U.S. soldiers, sailors and airmen died during the New Guinea Campaign.[44]. In 1526–27, Portuguese explorer Jorge de Meneses saw the western tip of New Guinea and named it ilhas dos Papuas. Yearly % Change: For 2019: percentage change in total population over the last year (from July 1, 2018 to June 30 2019). In 1606, Luís Vaz de Torres explored the southern coast of New Guinea from Milne Bay to the Gulf of Papua including Orangerie Bay, which he named Bahía de San Lorenzo. 2011 Census Summary Figures; Population Figures 1980-2011 - - - - Related Documents. Also about 600 species of reef-building coral—the latter equal to 75 percent of the world's known total. The Negarakertagama mentioned the region of Wanin in eastern Nusantara as part of Majapahit's tributary. A spine of east–west mountains, the New Guinea Highlands, dominates the geography of New Guinea, stretching over 1,600 km (1,000 mi) across the island, with many mountains over 4,000 m (13,100 ft). [6] The name Papua came to be associated with this area, and more especially with Halmahera, which was known to the Portuguese by this name during the era of their colonization in this part of the world. 1961 - First elections involving indigenous population. source: World Bank. New Guinea has 578 species of breeding birds, of which 324 species are endemic. The first inhabitants, from whom the Papuan people are probably descended, adapted to the range of ecologies and, in time, developed one of the earliest known agricultures. The gardens of the New Guinea Highlands are ancient, intensive permacultures, adapted to high population densities, very high rainfalls (as high as 10,000 mm per year (400 in/yr)), earthquakes, hilly land, and occasional frost. In 1528, the Spanish navigator Álvaro de Saavedra also recorded its sighting when trying to return from Tidore to New Spain. 17 7694–7698. A successive European claim occurred in 1828, when the Netherlands formally claimed the western half of the island as Netherlands New Guinea. It is an important center of trade, and in recent years has seen significant population growth. There are hundreds of ethnic groups indigenous to Papua New Guinea, the majority being from the group known as Papuans, whose ancestors arrived in the New Guinea region tens of thousands of years ago. [38] Sultan Nuku, one of the most famous Tidore sultans who rebelled against Dutch colonization, called himself "Sultan of Tidore and Papua",[39] during his revolt in 1780s. The island's frogs are one of the most poorly known vertebrate groups, totalling 282 species, but this number is expected to double or even triple when all species have been documented. ), making it the world's most floristically diverse island, surpassing Madagascar (11,488), Borneo (11,165), Java (4,598), and the Philippines (9,432).[26]. In 1883, following a short-lived French annexation of New Ireland, the British colony of Queensland annexed south-eastern New Guinea. Administrative Division. https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/papua-new-guinea-population Following the return to civil administration after World War II, the Australian section was known as the Territory of Papua-New Guinea from 1945 to 1949 and then as Territory of Papua and New Guinea. "Climate of Papua". The World Bank pledged $1.6 billion and the International Finance Corporation … The first European contact with New Guinea was by Portuguese and Spanish sailors in the 16th century. During the 1950s, the Dutch government began to prepare Netherlands New Guinea for full independence and allowed elections in 1959; the elected New Guinea Council took office on 5 April 1961. 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